有时，您可能希望为一个网卡分配多个地址。你该怎么办？还买网卡分配地址？在小型网络中实际上没有必要这样做。我们现在可以在CentOS/RHEL7中为一个网卡分配多个IP地址。想知道怎么做吗？好吧，跟我来，这并不难。首先，让我们找到网卡的IP地址。在我的CentOS7服务器中，我只使用了一张网卡。以root权限运行以下命令：ipaddr示例输出：1:lo:mtu65536qdiscnoqueuestateUNKNOWNlink/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:00inet127.0.0.1/8范围主机lovalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverinet6::1/128范围主机valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever2:enp0s3:mtu1500qdiscplenstateqUP1000link/ether08:00:27:80:63:19brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet192.168.1.150/24brd192.168.1.255scopeglobalenp0s3valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever如上所见，我的网卡名称是enp0s3，ip地址是192.168.1.150。如您所知，网卡配置文件存储在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/目录中。每个NIC的详细信息将以不同的名称存储，例如ifcfg-enp0s3。我们来看看ifcfg-enp0s3的细节。cat/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3示例输出：TYPE="Ethernet"BOOTPROTO="none"DEFROUTE="yes"IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"IPV6INIT="yes"IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes""IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"NAME="enp0s3"UUID="e9f9caef-cb9e-4a19-aace-767c6ee6f849"ONBOOT="yes"HWADDR="08:00:27:80:63:19"IPADDR0="192.168。1.150"PREFIX0="24"GATEWAY0="192.168.1.1"DNS1="192.168.1.1"IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"好了，现在我们在同一个子网中分配多个地址。编辑文件/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3:vi/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3添加额外的IP地址如下。TYPE="Ethernet"BOOTPROTO="none"DEFROUTE="yes"IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"IPV6INIT="yes"IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"NAME="enp0s3"UUID="933cdc9b-b383-4ddd-b219-5a72c69c9cf0"ONBOOT="yes"HWADDR="08:00:27:3F:AB:68"IPADDR0="192.168.1.150"IPADDR1="192.168.1.151"IPADDR2="192.168.1.152"PREFIX0="24"GATEWAY0="192.168.1.1"DNS1="192.168.1.1"IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"如您所见，我添加了两个IP地址：IPADDR1="192.168.1.151"&IPADDR2=“192.168.1.152”同样可以添加更多的ip地址。***，保存退出文件，重启网络服务使修改生效。ipaddr的示例输出：lo:mtu65536qdiscnoqueuestateUNKNOWNlink/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:00inet127.0.0.1/8范围主机lovalid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverinet6::1/128范围主机valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever2:enp0s3:mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPqlen1000link/e0:3f:ab:68brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet192.168.1.150/24brd192.168.1.255scopeglobalenp0s3valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverinet192.168.1.151/24brd192.168.1.255scopeglobalsecondaryenp0s3valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever.inet1619.1.152/24brd192.168.1.255scopeglobalsecondaryenp0s3valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforeverinet6fe80::a00:27ff:fe3f:ab68/64scopelinkvalid_lftforeverpreferred_lfforeverinet6fe80::a00:27ff:fe3f:ab68/64scopelinkvalid_lftforeverpreferred_ltIP地址。让我们ping下一个新增加的IP地址：ping-c4192.168.1.151显示示例输出：PING192.168.1.151(192.168.1.151)56(84)bytesofdata.64bytesfrom192.168.1.151:icmp_seq=64ttltime=0.048ms64bytesfrom192.168.1.151:icmp_seq=2ttl=64time=0.075ms64bytesfrom192.168.1.151:icmp_seq=3ttl=64time=0.077ms64bytesfrom192.168.1.151:icmp_seq=64time=tl0.077ms---192.168.1.151pingstatistics---4packetstransmitted,4received,0%packetloss,time2999msrttmin/avg/max/mdev=0.048/0.069/0.077/0.013msping-c4192.168.1.152示例输出：PING192.168.1.152(192.168.1.152)56(84)bytesofdata.64bytesfrom192.168.1.152:icmp_seq=1ttl=64time=0.034ms64bytesfrom192.168.1.152:icmp_seq=2ttl=64time来自192.168.1.152的0.075ms64字节：icmp_seq=3ttl=64time=0.073ms64来自192.168.1.152的字节：icmp_seq=4ttl=64time=0.075ms---192.168.1.152ping统计数据---4个数据包已传输，4收到，0%丢包，时间2999msrttmin/avg/max/mdev=0.034/0.064/0.075/0.018ms如果要使用不同的子网，就得把PREFIX0=24改成不同的子网，比如PREFIX1=16比如我想给自己的网卡添加一个A类地址（*比如10.0.0.1）.TYPE="Ethernet"BOOTPROTO="none"DEFROUTE="yes"IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"IPV6INIT="yes"IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"NAME="enp0s3"UUID="933cdc9b-b383-4ddd-b219-5a72c69c9cf0"ONBOOT="yes"HWADDR="08:00:27:3F:AB:68"IPADDR0="192.168.1.150"IPADDR1="192.168.1.151"IPADDR2="192.168.1.152"IPADDR3="10.0.0.1"PREFIX0="24"PREFIX1=16GATEWAY0="192.168.1.1"DNS1="192.168.1.1"IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"可以看到我添加了A类地址（10.0.0.1)，前缀为16。保存并退出文件。重新启动网络服务，然后，ping新添加的地址：ping-c410.0.0.1示例输出：PING10.0.0.1(10.0.0.1)56(84)字节的数据。64字节来自10.0.0.1：icmp_seq=1ttl=64时间=0.097ms64字节来自10.0.0.1：icmp_seq=2ttl=64时间=0.073ms64字节来自10.0.0.1：icmp_seq=3ttl=64时间=0.074ms64字节来自10.0.0.1：icmp_seq=4ttl=64time=0.075ms---10.0.0.1pingstatistics---4packetstransmitted,4received,0%packetloss,time3000msrttmin/avg/max/mdev=0.073/0.079/0.097/0.014ms同样可以添加不同的网关。就是这样。via:http://www.unixmen.com/linux-basics-assign-multiple-ip-addresses-single-network-interface-card-centos-7/作者：SK译者：geekpi校对：wxy本文原创byLCTT翻译，Linux中国荣誉发布会
