服务器状态分析查看Linux服务器CPU详情#查看CPU信息[root@host~]#cat/proc/cpuinfo#查看物理CPU数量[root@host/]#cat/proc/cpuinfo|grep"physicalid"|sort|uniq|wc-l#查看每个物理CPU的核心数[root@host/]#cat/proc/cpuinfo|grep"cpucores"|uniq#逻辑CPU数（逻辑CPU数=物理CPU数*核心数)[root@host/]#cat/proc/cpuinfo|grep"processor"|wc-lCheckLinuxservermemory#查看内存使用情况[root@host~]#free-mtotalusedfreesharedbufferscachedMem:372256115017158-/+buffers/cache:81290Swap:5090509>total:总内存>user:已用内存>free:空闲内存>shared:多进程共享内存>buffers:缓冲内存>cached:缓存内存可用内存=free+buffers+cached已用内存=used-buffers-cachedswap交换内存的数量，此项可以用来判断内存是否足够查看linux服务器硬盘使用情况#查看硬盘和分区信息fdisk-l[root@host~]#fdisk-lDisk/dev/sda:10.7GB,10737418240bytes255heads,63sectors/track,1305cylindersUnits=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytesDeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem/dev/sda1*11310439183Linux/dev/sda21478522112+82Linuxswap/Solaris/dev/sda37913059855877+83Linux#检查文件系统的磁盘空间占用casedf-h[root@host~]#df-hFilesystemSizeUsedAvailUse%Mountedon/dev/sda39.2G6.4G2.3G74%//dev/sda199M12M82M13%/boottmpfs187M0187M0%/dev/shm/dev/hdc4.1G4.1G0100%/mntserver性能分析#查看硬盘I/O性能[root@host/]#iostat-d-x-k15#iostaat包含在systat包中，在CentOs5.5中使用命令yum-yinstallsysstat安装I/0并查看Linux服务器的平均负载[root@host/]#uptime12:39:12up2:50,3users,loadaverage:0.00,0.03,0.00[root@host/]#w12:39:59up2:50,3users,loadaverage:0.00,0.03,0.00USERTTYFROMLOGIN@IDLEJCPPUPCPUWHATroottty1-09:5332:170.36s0.36s-bashrootpts/0192.168.1.10210:231:54m0.03s0.03s-bashrootpts/1192.168.1.10512:160.00s0.09s0.02sw监控linux服务器整体性能Overallperformance[root@host/]#vmstat14procs-----------内存------------swap--------io------系统--------cpu------rbswpdfreebuffcachesisobiboincsussyidwast0005046450096101356002113925183009910000504645009610138000008301800100000005046450096101380000083327001000000050464501041013720003282227009910#procesr：等待运行的进程数b：处于非中断睡眠状态的进程数w：换出的可运行进程数#memoryswpd：虚拟内存使用fres：空闲内存buff：用作缓存的内存数（单位：KB)#swapsi：从磁盘交换到内存的交换页数so：从内存交换到磁盘的交换页数（单位：kb/sec)#iobi：发送到块设备的块数bo：从块设备接收到的块数（单位：块/秒）#systemin：每秒的中断数，包括时钟中断cs：每秒环境（上下文）切换次数#cpuus：CPU使用时间sy：CPU系统使用时间id：空闲时间（单位：百分比）标准情况下：r小于5，b大约为0。如果user+sys小于70，说明系统性能比较好；如果大于等于85，说明性能不好检查Linux服务器其他参数检查系统内核版本号[root@host/]#uname-aLinuxhost.domain.com2.6.18-194.el5#1SMPFriApr214:58:14EDT2010x86_64x86_64x86_64GNU/Linux[root@host/]#uname-r2.6.18-194.el5检查系统是32位还是64位[root@host/]#ls-1F/|grep/$查找是否有/lib64，如果有，则系统是64位另一种查看系统是32位还是64位的方法[root@host/]#file/sbin/init/sbin/init:ELF64-bitLSBexecutable,AMDx86-64,version1(SYSV),forGNU/Linux2.6.9,dynamicallylinked(usessharedlibs),forGNU/Linux2.6.9,stripped查看服务器使用的Linux发行版信息[root@host/]#lsb_release-aLSBVersion::core-3.1-amd64:core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-amd64:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarchDistributorID:CentOSDescription:CentOSrelease5.5（最终版）Release:5.5Codename:Final查看系统已经加载的相关模块[root@host/]#lsmod|grepipipv643536124xfrm_nalgo433331ipv6dm_multipath569200scsi_dh421771dm_multipathdm_mod1016494dm_mirror,dm_multipath,dm_raid45,dm_log查看linux下的PCI设置，lspci命令可以列出本机的PCI信息，如声卡，显卡，Modem[root@host/]#lspci|grepEther02:01.0Ethernetcontroller:IntelCorporation82545EMGigabitEthernetController（铜）（rev01）
