RabbitMQ常用的三种ExchangeTypes：fanout、direct、topic。fanout：将发送到Exchange的所有消息发布到与其绑定的所有队列。direct：将消息发布到绑定键与路由键完全匹配的队列。topic：将消息路由到其绑定键与路由键模式匹配的队列。这里基于springboot集成消息队列，测试这三种Exchange。启动RabbitMQ双击运行rabbitmq-server.batSpringBoot集成RabbitMQ-直接模式（默认模式）创建springbootweb项目-senderspringboot-sender附加测试和rabbitmq需要的依赖org.springframework.bootspring-boot-starter-amqporg.springframework.bootspring-boot-testjunitjunitorg.springframeworkspring-test5.0.9.RELEASE修改配置文件application.yml或application.properties:server:port：7001弹簧：应用程序：名称：spirngboot-senderrabbitmq：主机：127.0.0.1端口：5672username:guestpassword:客人发送的信息，可以是基本数据类型，也可以是对象，这里创建一个用户对象publicclassUserimplementsSerializable{privateStringusername;私有字符串密码；publicStringgetUsername(){返回用户名；}publicvoidsetUsername(Stringusername){this.username=username;}publicStringgetPassword(){返回密码；}publicvoidsetPassword(Stringpassword){this.password=password;}}创建一个配置类：SenderConfiguration.java一个名为queue1的队列@ConfigurationpublicclassSenderConfiguration{@BeanpublicQueuedirectQueue(){returnnewQueue("queue1");}}创建发送消息类：SenderService.java发送用户对象到queue1队列@ComponentpublicclassSenderService{@AutowiredprivateAmqpTemplatetemplate;publicvoidsendUser(){用户user=newUser();user.setUsername("张三");user.setPassword("123456");模板.convertAnd发送（“队列1”，用户）;}}创建一个测试类：TestRabbitMQ.java@SpringBootTest(classes=SpringbootSenderApplication.class)@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)publicclassTestRabbitMQ{@AutowiredprivateSenderServicesenderService;@TestpublicvoidtestRabbit(){senderService.sendUser();}}运行testRabbit方法：创建一个springbootweb项目-receiverspringboot-receiver修改配置文件application.yml或application.properties:server:port:7002spring:application:name:spirngboot-receiverrabbitmq:host:127.0.0.1port:5672用户名：guest密码：guest添加接收类：ReceiverService.java@ComponentpublicclassReceiverService{@RabbitListener(queues="queue1")publicvoidreceiveUser(Useruser){System.out.println("username:"+user.getUsername()+"密码:"+user.getPassword());}}运行启动类：SpringbootApplication.java，结果：信息接收成功SpringBoot集成了RabbitMQ——Topic模式（模糊匹配），步骤与Direct类似。Sender：修改配置类SenderConfiguration.java：创建两个队列topic1和topic2，创建topicswitch，绑定switch和queue，绑定规则@TestpublicvoidtestRabbit(){senderService.sendUser();}@Bean(name="topic1")publicQueuetopicQueue1(){returnnewQueue("topic1");}@Bean(name="topic2")publicQueuetopicQueue2(){returnnewQueue("topic2");}@BeanpublicTopicExchangeexchange(){//创建主题交换器returnnewTopicExchange("topicExchange");}@BeanBindingbindingExchangeTopic1(@Qualifier("topic1")QueuequeueMessage,TopicExchangeexchange){//设置topic1绑定规则returnBindingBuilder.bind(queueMessage).to(exchange).with("topic.queue");}@BeanBindingbindingExchangeTopic2(@Qualifier("topic2")QueuequeueMessages,TopicExchangeexchange){//设置topic2绑定规则*表示一个词，#表示零个或多个词returnBindingBuilder.bind(queueMessages).to(exchange).with("topic.#");}修改发送类SenderService.java:Useruser=newUser();user.setUsername("张三");user.setPassword("123456");//发送到topicExchange开关template.convertAndSend("topicExchange","topic.queue",user);template.convertAndSend("topicExchange","topic.anyting",用户);运行testRabbit方法：成功广播两条消息Receiver：修改接收类ReceiverService.java：@RabbitListener(queues="fanout1")publicvoidreceiveFanout1(Useruser){System.out.println("Queue:fanout1username:"+user.getUsername()+"password:"+user.getPassword());}@RabbitListener(queues="fanout2")publicvoidreceiveFanout2(Useruser){System.out.println("Queue:fanout2username:"+user.getUsername()+"password:"+user.getPassword());}运行启动类，结果：消息收发成功
