一、安装说明本文采用MySQL-v5.6.51版本的二进制包安装和简单配置。5.6版本下载：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/在该网址页面的“产品版本”中选择对应的5.6版本。本文使用本地VM虚拟机进行部署和测试。操作系统：CentOSLinuxrelease7.8.2003(Core)3.10.0-1160.15.2.el7.x86_64虚拟机配置：2核CPU，4G内存2.清理系统环境CentOS7版本默认安装MariaDB.先清理一下。##查询安装的mariadbrpm-qa|grepmariadb##卸载mariadb软件包，文件名为上面命令查询到的文件rpm-e--nodepsmariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_643.创建一个mysql用户.组和数据目录##创建数据存放目录mkdir-p/data/mysql##创建用户组mysqlgroupadd-rmysql##创建用户mysql并设置不能登录系统，指定宿主目录useradd-gmysql-r-s/sbin/nologin-M-d/data/mysqlmysql##修改数据存储目录属性和权限chownmysql.mysql/data/mysqlchmod0700/data/mysql4、安装配置MySQL1。下载二进制包cd/data/toolswgethttps://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.51-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz2。解压安装到指定目录（/usr/local）tarxfmysql-5.6.51-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar。gz-C/usr/local/cd/usr/local##创建软链接，方便后续操作ln-svmysql-5.6.51-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64mysql3.创建配置文件vi/etc/my.cnf//输入如下内容[client]port=3306socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sockdefault-character-set=utf8mb4[mysqld]port=3306socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sockbasedir=/usr/local/mysqldatadir=/data/mysqlcharacter-set-server=utf8mb4collat??ion-server=utf8mb4_general_ciinit_connect='SETNAMESutf8mb4'server-id=1log-slave-updates=trueskip-external-lockingskip-name-关于solvekey_buffer_size=256Mmax_allowed_pa??cket=64Mtable_open_cache=256sort_buffer_size=16Mread_buffer_size=8Mread_rnd_buffer_size=64Mmyisam_sort_buffer_size=256Mthread_cache_size=16query_cache_size=128Mquery_cache_type=1log-bin=mysql-binbinlog_format=rowexpire_logs_days=30slow_query_log=onlong_query_time=2slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/db-slow.loggtid-mode=onenforce-gtid-consistency=truedefault-storage-engine=INNODBinnodb_additional_mem_pool_size=64Minnodb_buffer_pool_size=1Ginnodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:10M:autoextendinnodb_write_io_threads=4innodb_read_io_threads=4innodb_thread_concurrency=8innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1innodb_log_buffer_size=16Minnodb_log_file_size=512Minnodb_log_files_in_group=3innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=90innodb_lock_wait_timeout=60innodb_file_per_table=onmax_connections=5000interactive_timeout=28800wait_timeout=28800sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLESexplicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true[mysqldump]quickmax_allowed_pa??cket=32M[mysql]no-auto-rehashdefault-character-set=utf8mb4[myisamchk]key_buffer_size=128Msort_buffer_size=128Mread_buffer=8Mwrite_buffer=8M[mysqlhotcopy]interactive-timeout[mysqld_safe]log-error=/data/mysql.logpid_err-文件=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid注：可根据实际环境要求修改参数，此处配置仅供参考4.修改程序目录权限cd/usr/local/mysqlchown-Rmysql.mysql.5.初始化数据库cd/usr/local/mysqlscripts/mysql_install_db--defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf--user=mysql--basedir=/usr/local/mysql--datadir=/data/mysql注：5.6版本使用mysql_install_db命令初始化数据，并没有为root@localhost用户设置临时密码，客户端可以直接通过mysql命令登录数据库系统。6.导出man帮助文件。头文件和lib库cd/usr/local/mysql##helpfileecho"MANPATH/usr/local/mysql/man">>/etc/man.config##headerfileln-sv/usr/local/mysql/include/usr/include/mysql##liblibraryecho'/usr/local/mysql/lib'>/etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf##加载动态库文件ldconfig7.设置MySQL环境变量echo'######MySQL'>>/etc/profileecho'PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin'>>/etc/profilesource/etc/profile8.配置MySQL服务管理命令cd/usr/local/mysqlcsupport-files/mysql.server/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld9。启动数据库/etc/init.d/mysqldstart/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql--version&&echo-e"\e[31mmysqlinstallisOK\e[0m"10.删除无用用户和测试库（可选操作）echo-e"deletefrommysql.userwhereuser='';"|mysql-uroot-p//提示输入密码，直接回车确认echo-e"deletefrommysql.userwherehost='::1';"|mysql-uroot-pecho-e"dropdatabasetest;"|mysql-uroot-p5.设置root账户密码1.本机登录密码mysql-uroot-p//因为初始化数据时没有设置密码，可以按两次确认键进入数据库mysql>usemysql;mysql>updateusersetpassword=PASSWORD('123456')whereuser='root';mysql>FLUSHPRIVILEGES;2。远程登录密码#mysql-uroot-p//输入上面步骤设置的密码登录数据库mysql>GRANTALLPRIVILEGESON*.*TO'root'@'%'IDENTIFIEDBY'123456'WITHGRANTOPTION;mysql>FLUSHPRIVILEGES;6.服务管理启动：/etc/init.d/mysqldstart关闭：/etc/init.d/mysqldstop重启：/etc/init.d/mysqldrestart查看状态：/etc/init.d/mysqldstatus配置启动：echo"/etc/init.d/mysqldstart">>/etc/rc.local
