转载请注明文章出处：https://tlanyan.me/linux-list-disk-info-summary本文简单总结了查看硬盘信息的方法在Linux中，基本涵盖了普通用户和系统管理人员可用的各种命令。lsblklsblk命令用于查看系统连接的块设备。默认输出分区、大小、挂载点等信息一目了然：tlanyan@node1:~$lsblksda8:00558.9G0disk├─sda18:10488M0part├─sda28:201K0part├─sda58:507.6G0part└─sda68:60550.8G0part/sdb8:160558.9G0disk├─sdb18:1701K0part└─sdb58:210558.9G0part/journalsdc8:3201.8T0disk/worksr011:011024M0romdfdf命令用于查看硬盘的使用情况，通常用-h给出友好输出：tlanyan@node1:~$df-hFilesystemSizeUsedAvailUse%Mountedonudev24G024G0%/devtmpfs4.8G2.1M4.8G1%/run/dev/sda6542G148G366G29%/tmpfs24G024G0%/dev/shmtmpfs5.0M4.0K5.0M1%/run/locktmpfs24G024G0%/sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sdc1.8T1.2T582G67%/work/dev/sdb5551G245G278G47%/journal应该注意df只能输出挂载的磁盘分区信息，不能显示未挂载的硬盘。另一个类似的命令是du，用于显示占用的硬盘空间，例如统计当前目录下的文件大小：du-sh*fdiskfdisk是常用的硬盘和分区操作工具，需要root权限执行，-l参数可以打印硬盘信息：root@node1:~#fdisk-lDisk/dev/sda:558.9GiB,600127266816bytes,1172123568sectorsUnits:sectorsof1*512=512bytesSectorsize(logical/physical):512bytes/512bytesI/O/size(minimumoptimal):512bytes/512bytesDisklabeltype:dosDiskidentifier:0xdf3a7994DeviceBootStartEndSectorsSizeIdType/dev/sda1*20481001469999422488M83Linux/dev/sda2100147011721215991171120130558.4G5Extended/dev/sda5100147217000447159989767.6G82Linuxswap/Solaris/dev/sda61700249611721215991155119104550.8G83LinuxDisk/dev/sdb:558.9GiB,600127266816bytes,1172123568sectorsUnits:sectorsof1*512=512字节扇区大小（逻辑/物理）：512字节/512字节I/O大小（最小/最佳）：512字节/512字节磁盘标签类型：dos磁盘标识符：0x0006c4c0DeviceBootStartEndSectorsSizeIdType/dev/sdb16311721184641172118402558.9G5Extended/dev/sdb512611721184641172118339558.9G83LinuxDisk/dev/sdc:1.8TiB,2000398934016bytes,3907029168sectorsUnits:sectorsof1*512=512bytesSectorsize(logical/physical):512bytes/512bytesI/Osize(minimum/optimal):512bytes/512bytesDisklabeltype:dosDiskidentifier:0x7af0ba03fdisk不支持GPT分区，需要查看下面的partedpartedparted是分区操作工具，需要root权限，否则输出为空：root@node1:~#parted-lModel:HITACHIHUS156060VLS600(scsi)Disk/dev/sda:600GBSectorsize(logical/physical):512B/512BPartitionTable:msdosDiskFlags:NumberStartEndSizeTypeFilesystemFlags11049kB513MB512MBprimaryext4boot2513MB600GB600GBextended5513MB8704MB8191MBlogicallinux-swap(v1)68705MB600GB591GBlogicalext4Model:HITACHI0kDisvLS156/sdb：600GB扇区大小（逻辑/物理）：512B/512B分区表：msdosDiskFlags：NumberStartEndSizeTypeFilesystemFlags132.3kB600GB600GBextended564.5kB600GB600GBlogicalext4Model：SEAGATE2c0Discdev/SEAGATEST2:2000GBSectorsize(/physical):512B/512BPartitionTable:msdosDiskFlags:NumberStartEndSizeTypeFilesystemFlagslsscsilsscsi可以打印SCSI硬盘信息，Ubuntu默认没有安装这个命令：tlanyan@node1:~$lsscsi[0:0:0:0]cd/dvdPLDSDVD+-RWDH-16ACSJD11/dev/sr0[6:0:0:0]磁盘HITACHIHUS156060VLS600E516/dev/sda[6:0:1:0]diskHITACHIHUS156060VLS600E516/dev/sdb[6:0:2:0]diskSEAGATEST2000NM00230003/dev/sdcblkiddblkid命令可以打印块设备信息：tlanyan@node1:~$blkid/dev/sda6:UUID="93875607-7910-43d3-ac02-32200cfcea1a"TYPE="ext4"PARTUUID="df3a7994-06"/dev/sda1:UUID="90cfad05-f84b-49fd-ac60-06c5d9c7382c"TYPE="ext4"PARTUUID="df3a7994-01"/dev/sda5:UUID="66c522a8-b0eb-4a44-9ba9-2765b70eff28"TYPE="交换"PARTUUID="df3a7994-05"/dev/sdb5:UUID="8a400f90-2390-4b5d-9fd2-58331c1230e2"TYPE="ext4"PARTUUID="0006c4c0-05"/dev/sdc:LABEL="M-fM-^VM-0M-eM-^MM-7"UUID="8bd7100c-4120-4cf3-8d1e-268d4cf12bac"TYPE="ext4"PTUUID="7af0ba03"PTTYPE="dos"lshwlshw命令用于打印详细的硬件信息。打印硬盘信息需要root权限：root@node1:~#lshw-classdisk*-disk:0description:SCSIDiskproduct:HUS156060VLS600vendor:HITACHIphysicalID：0.0.0总线信息：scsi@6:0.0.0逻辑名称：/dev/sda版本：E516序列号：LXWMTVTM大小：558GiB(600GB)容量：690GiB(741GB)功能：15000rpm分区分区：dos配置：ansiversion=6logicalsectorsize=512sectorsize=512signature=df3a7994*-disk:1description:SCSIDiskproduct:HUS156060VLS600vendor:HITACHIphysicalid:0.1.0businfo:scsi@6:0.1.0logicalname:/dev/sdbversion：E516系列：LXWMTWAM大小：558GiB(600GB)容量：690GiB(741GB)功能：15000rpm分区分区：dos配置：ansiversion=6logicalsectorsize=512sectorsize=512signature=0006c4c0*-cdrom描述：DVD-RAM刻录机产品：DVD+-RWDH-16ACS供应商：PLDS物理ID：0.0.0总线信息：scsi@0:0.0.0逻辑名称：/dev/cdrom逻辑名称：/dev/cdrwlogicalname:/dev/dvdlogicalname:/dev/dvdrwlogicalname:/dev/sr0version:JD11capabilities:removableaudiocd-rcd-rwdvddvd-rdvd-ramconfiguration:ansiversion=5status=nodiscmountmount常用来挂载硬盘、分区等，自然也可以查看挂载信息：tlanyan@node1:~$mountsysfson/systypesysfs(rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)procon/proctypeproc(rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)udevon/devtypedevtmpfs(rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24697992k,nr_inodes=6174498,mode=755)devptson/dev/ptstypedevpts(rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)tmpfson/runtypetmpfs(rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,size=4944076k,mode=755)/dev/sda6on/typeext4(rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered)securityfson/sys/kernel/securitytypesecurityfs(rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)tmpfson/dev/shmtypetmpfs(rw,nosuid,nodev)tmpfson/run/locktypetmpfs(rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=5120k)tmpfson/sys/fs/cgrouptypetmpfs(ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,mode=755)/dev/sdcon/worktypeext4(rw,relatime,data=ordered)/dev/sdb5on/journaltypeext4(rw,relatime,data=ordered)exportfsexportfs命令用于查看NFS共享文件夹，需要root权限：root@node1:~#exportfs-s/work192.168.1.12(rw,wdelay,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check,sec=sys,rw,secure,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)/work192.168.1.13(rw,wdelay,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check,sec=sys,rw,secure,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)/opt192.168.1.12(ro,wdelay,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check,sec=sys,ro,secure,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)/opt192.1368ro。,wdelay,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check,sec=sys,ro,secure,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)如果大家知道其他命令，欢迎指教
